bird house plans for barn swallows

2 min read 01-02-2025

Barn swallows, with their graceful flight and acrobatic feeding maneuvers, are a delightful addition to any backyard. These charming birds are known for their elegant nests built under eaves and in sheltered spaces. If you'd like to encourage these delightful creatures to nest near your home, building a barn swallow house is a rewarding project. This guide offers detailed plans and considerations for creating a welcoming home for these aerial acrobats.

Understanding Barn Swallow Needs

Before diving into the construction, understanding the specific needs of barn swallows is crucial for success. They are different from other cavity-nesting birds and require a very specific type of shelter.

Nest Site Preferences:

Open-fronted design: Unlike many birds that prefer enclosed cavities, barn swallows require an open-fronted structure. They build their nests attached to a sheltered surface, relying on the structure's overhang for protection from the elements.
Elevated placement: Ideally, place the house at least 10 feet above the ground, mimicking their natural nesting preferences. This helps protect the nest from ground predators.
Protection from the elements: While needing open-fronted access, the structure needs some protection from rain and direct sun.
Secure mounting: The house must be securely mounted to a sturdy surface that can withstand the weight of the nest and the activities of the adult birds.

Materials:

Using natural, weather-resistant materials is essential. Avoid treated lumber, as the chemicals can be harmful to the birds. Untreated wood is a good choice. Consider using materials like:

Untreated pine or cedar: These are readily available and durable.
Exterior-grade plywood: Provides a sturdy platform for attaching the structure.

Simple Barn Swallow House Plan:

This plan focuses on a straightforward design that’s easy to build and meets barn swallow needs.

Materials:

Two pieces of 1x6 untreated lumber, 12 inches long (sides)
One piece of 1x6 untreated lumber, 6 inches long (back)
One piece of 1/4" exterior-grade plywood, approximately 6x6 inches (base)
Screws (exterior-grade)
Optional: Small, flat pieces of wood for extra support under the base

Tools:

Saw (hand saw or circular saw)
Drill
Screwdriver
Measuring tape
Pencil

Instructions:

Assemble the sides: Attach the two 12-inch pieces of lumber to the 6-inch piece of lumber at a 90-degree angle to create the back and two side supports. Use screws to securely fasten the pieces.
Attach the base: Attach the plywood base to the bottom of the structure. This will provide a solid foundation. Add small supporting pieces of wood if you need to adjust the spacing to fit the desired location.
Placement and Mounting: Choose a location at least 10 feet high, under an overhang or eave, away from direct rain and sun. Securely attach the structure to a wall or rafter using appropriate screws or brackets.

Tips for Success:

Placement is key: Observe local barn swallows to understand their preferences in your area.
Cleanliness: Avoid cleaning the house unless absolutely necessary. Barn swallows may reuse their nest.
Patience: It may take some time for barn swallows to discover and accept your new house. Don't be discouraged if they don't immediately move in.

Beyond the Basics: More Advanced Designs

More elaborate designs exist that involve more complex carpentry. These might include:

Multiple nesting platforms: To accommodate multiple pairs of birds.
More substantial sheltering: To better protect from the elements.
Integrated drainage: To prevent water buildup.

However, the simple design outlined above is a great starting point for attracting these graceful birds to your property. Remember, careful planning and consideration of their needs are essential for success in attracting these beneficial aerial acrobats to your yard.